Regimul climatic

Regimul climatic

 

            -           asez Rom la intersectia paralelei de 45°lat N cu meridianul de 25°long E o sit in zona climatului temperat

            -           asez in partea centrala-estica a Europei det caracterul temperat-continental

            -           car climatice sunt det de o serie de factori: radiatia solara si circulatia maselor de aer

            -           potentialul energetic - det de marimea variatiei solare

                                                                                                            -           variaza   -  altitudinal: >125 kcal/cmp/an (litoral) si < 110 kcal/cmp/an (creste)

                                                                                                                                                            -           latitudinal: 125 kcal/cmp/an (sud) si  115 kcal/cmp/an (nord)

            -           circulatia maselor de aer          -           vestice             -           au o frecventa de 45 % anual

                                                                                                                                                                                    -            aduc pp si valori termice moderate

                                                                                                                                    -           nordice si nord-vestice            -           au o frecventa de 30 % anual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                -           vin dinspre Islanda, Scandinavia, NE Eur si Siberia

                                                                                                                                    -           sudice  -           au o frecventa de 15 % anual

                                                                                                                                                                                    -            calde si umede sau calde si uscate

                                                                                                                                    -           mase anticicloale stationare         -           au o frecventa de 10 % annual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        -           vara: zile senine, calde si seceta

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        -           iarna: zile innorate, reci si pp slabe

            -           diferentierile climatice se impun de la 0 m pana la 2544m

            -           Carpatii constituie o bariera climatica importanta in calea maselor de aer

            -           depr si cularele de vale infl circulatia maselor de aer

            -           temp extreme  -          max absoluta: +44,5°C la Ion Sion (langa Braila) la 10 aug 1951

                                                                                    -           min absoluta: - 38,5 °C la Bod (langa Brasov) la 25 ian 1942

tipuri de climat           

           

Etj de clima

Tip de clima

tma

tm vara

tm iarna

pp

vanturi

localizare

 

 

Climat montan

alpin (>1800m)

0-2°C

10-12°C

-8-10°C (chiar -12°C)

> 1200 mm

VV

>1800m – C Or

>2000m –C Mer

> 1700m – M Apuseni

de munte (850-1800m)

2-6°C

12-19°C

-7-8°C

700-1200 mm

VV

m-ti de peste 1000-1800m altit

 

de depr intramontane

 

Se caracterizeaza prin inversiunid e temp iarna foarte scazute cu geruri persistente, iar primavara prin incalzire

 

foehn

Depr Maramures, Dornelor, Giurgeu, Ciuc, Brasov, Petrosani, Hateg, Zarand, Beius, Cul Timis-Cerna

 

 

 

 

Climat de dealuri

inalte

(500-850 m )

6-8°C

18-20°C

-2°C (Sub)

-5°C (Pod Sucevei)

-3-4°C

700-100 mm

VV

crivat (E)

austru (V)

Subcarpati

Dealurile inalte din E DCT-ului si Pod Sucevei

M-tii mai scunzi din C Occ

joase

(200-500m)

8-10°C

21°C

-2-3°C

500-700mm

VV

crivat (E)

austru (V)

Pod Barladului si Pod Sucevei

Mas Dobr N

Pod Getic, DV, DCT (partea central-vestica)

 

depr submontane

 

inversiuni de temp

foehn,

vantu mare (Depr Fagaras)

Depr Vrancea, Tg Jiu-Campumare

Cul Alba Iulia – Turda

Depr Fagaras si Sibiu

 

Climat de campie

moderat

10-11°C

21-23°C

-1-2°C

630 mm – CV

500 mm- CR

<500 mm- Pod Casimcea

crivat (E)

austru (V)

C Jijiei

Pod Casimcei

C si V CRom, CV

accentuat

10-11°C

23-26°C

-2-3°C

<500 mm (secete frecvente)

crivat (E)

 

C Baraganului, Pod Dobr de S, Sudul Pod Barladului

 

-           nuante climatice

     

Nuante climatice

Caracteristici climatice

Localizare

 

CLIMAT CU INFL. OCEANICE

- diferente mici de temp intre anotimpurile extreme

- pp bogate dat vanturilor de vest

CV si DV (la nord de Bega)

M Apuseni, M Poiana Rusca, DCT, versantii V ai m-lor vulcanici

 

CLIMAT CU INFL. SUBMEDITERANEENE

- temp modetate iarna

- ploi de toamna

- bate austral

CV si DV (la sud de Bega)

M Banatului, Pod Mehed, Platf Strehaia, C Olteniei

 

CLIMAT DE TRNAZITIE (intre cel cu infl oceanice si submedit si cel de ariditate)

- temp mai ridicate ca in E

- pp scad spre E

- crivatul (E)

- austrul (V)

centrul CRom,

Sub Getici

Pod Getic

 

CLIMAT DE ARIDITATE

- continentalism termic accentuat (veri f calde si ierni f reci)

- pp f reduse, deci secete frecvente

- crivatul

 

C Mold si Pod Barladului

C Baraganului

Pod Dobr

 

 

CLIMAT CU INFL. BALTICE

- temp f scazute iarna

- pp bogate, iarna mai ales sub forma de ninsoare

- frecventa maselor de aer descendente din N cu brume timpurii si tarzii

 

Pod Sucevei

Obcinele Bucovinei

N Sub Moldovei

CLIMAT CU INFL. PONTICE

- temp moderate iarna, veri calde

- tma 10 °C

- tm vara 22 °C

- tm iarna 0, -1°C

- pp 400 mm/an

- se resimte rolul moderator al MN

- bat brizele marine (diurne)

- zile senine numeroase (130-170/ an)

- durata de stralucire a soarelui: >2300h

- se practica cura heliomarina

 

 

Zona litorala pe o fasie de 15-20km departare de tarm

Delta Dunarii

Alte Lectii din geografie